Expected Outcome:
This topic aims at supporting activities that are enabling or contributing to one or several expected impacts of destination “Tackling diseases and reducing disease burden”. To that end, proposals under this topic should aim to deliver results that are directed, tailored towards and contributing to most of the following expected outcomes:
Scope:
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been identified by the United Nations (UN) General Assembly as a health Emergency in 2016. AMR is contributing to morbidity and mortality increasing the burden for society and healthcare costs. This is due to a worrying increase on the number of bacteria resistant to antibiotic treatment, causing chronic and often life-threatening infections such as wound and urinary tract infections. The World Health Organization (WHO) lists AMR among the top 10 threats for global health[1] and recognises that a lack of innovation is set to undermine antibiotic performance and health gains, with a major gap in the discovery of innovative antibacterial treatments[2].
Hence, there is an urgent need for the development of therapies to treat infections.
Bacteriophages (phages) represent a promising alternative or complement to antibiotics for the treatment of infections that do not respond to conventional treatment options. With the increase of AMR bacteria, both healthcare practitioners and innovators are expressing an increasing interest in the use of phages for the treatment of infections. As a result, the clinical use of phage therapy is expanding in the EU and beyond under different regulatory pathways, approaches and different conditions (e.g. magistral personalised phage preparations and fixed phage cocktails applied via compassionate use, named-patients based or expanded access programmes) despite a lack of large data on the efficacy of phage therapy for human use. So far, a few modest-sized randomised-controlled trials have been conducted providing indications for the safety and efficacy of the phage products, in agreement with preclinical animal studies. However, they could not always prove the efficacy of phage preparations.
Therefore, proposals should aim to develop phage-based therapies to treat bacterial infections that do not respond to conventional treatment options. For this, applicants should carry out multicenter, multinational randomised controlled clinical trial (RCT) to generate scientific evidence demonstrating safety and efficacy of phage-based therapy as stand-alone or in combination with standard-of-care (such as antibiotic or other innovative non-antibiotic-based treatment) for the treatment of difficult-to-treat bacterial infections.
Both approaches for phage therapy, personalised phage preparations or ready-to-use phage cocktails, are in scope with the call. Innovative study design, aiming at better capturing and evaluating the full potential of the benefit of personalised phage therapy, e.g. using regularly updated phage preparations, is welcome.
The topic is open to any pathogen causing difficult to treat infections mainly due to AMR or to biofilms, for any clinical indication and applying phage treatment in any route of administration. Applicants are encouraged to address pathogens listed in the WHO Bacterial Priority Pathogens List[3].
Lessons learned from previous clinical trials that failed[4] (e.g. PhagoBurn) should be considered for optimal study design, e.g. inclusions and logistics criteria, to favour success and conclusive results. The proposed trial should be designed with proper patient selection, diagnostic protocols (e.g. phagogram), production protocols (purification, stability, host selection, etc.) and treatment protocols (including dosage, repetition, duration, route of administration).
All available information about the characteristics of the phages to be used in the clinical trial should be provided (e.g. sequence, stability, targeted bacteria, registration in a phage bank or phage registry, etc.). Moreover, any additional indication of the use of phages for other applications than human use in the clinical trial (e.g. veterinary use, surface cleaning, food preservation) should be detailed in the proposal if available.
The use of computational modelling and/or artificial intelligence (AI) tools is encouraged to speed/optimise trial design, implementation and/or the analysis of large data. In the same way, the use of innovative in silico, in vitro or in vivo models to facilitate pre-clinical selection of phages to use in the clinical trial is welcome.
In their proposal applicants should describe how they take into account scientific advice or protocol assistance from the European Medicines Agency (EMA)[5]. In addition, applicants should provide a sound timeline on the trial protocol in their proposal. Furthermore, in their proposal applicants should also provide a delivery date for approval of the RCT protocol from the regulatory body(ies), which should be within 12 months from the start of the project.
Applicants should propose a clear exploitation pathway through the different necessary steps (research, manufacturing, regulatory approvals and licensing, Intellectual Property management, etc.) in order to accelerate marketing authorisation and uptake by the health systems.
The participation of start-ups, micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)[6] is encouraged with the aim of strengthening their scientific and technological foundations, enhancing their innovation potential, and exploring possibilities for commercial exploitation.
Proposals should adhere to the FAIR[7] data principles, adopt wherever relevant, data standards and data sharing/access good practices, and apply good practices for GDPR[8] compliant personal data protection.
Sex and gender-related differences should be addressed, where relevant. To ensure that the needs of patients living with chronic infections are adequately addressed and that there is public acceptability and confidence on innovative phage-based therapies, the involvement of patient and/or civil society representatives in all phases of the research and development process is strongly encouraged. For this, the topic requires the effective contribution of social sciences and humanities (SSH) disciplines and the involvement of SSH experts, institutions as well as the inclusion of relevant SSH expertise, in order to produce meaningful and significant effects enhancing the societal impact of the related research activities.
Applicants should provide details of their clinical studies[9] in the dedicated annex using the template provided in the submission system. As proposals under this topic are expected to include clinical studies, the use of the template is strongly encouraged.
For ERC grants, excellence is the sole selection criterion—evaluations focus exclusively on the quality of the research and track record .
Peer-reviewers adhere strictly to predefined criteria (e.g., Horizon ITN evaluations), and weaknesses—rather than strengths—often decide the outcome .
Horizon Europe emphasizes Green & Digital Transitions and resilience, with specific budget steering across biodiversity, climate, digital, and societal missions .
Proposals that clearly align with these strategic orientations and EU missions are significantly more competitive.
Horizon projects demand well-balanced consortia across Europe—geographically and disciplinarily diverse, including academia, industry, SMEs, NGOs .
Effective leadership, communication, trust, and active collaboration are key success factors.
A strong publication record—especially in high-impact venues—and prior grant awards bolster chances .
ERC starting, consolidator, or advanced grants require exceptional citation records, strong proposals, and investigator track records .
For large collaborative grants, project coordination, administration, and communication are just as crucial as scientific content .
Demonstrating realistic budget planning (100% direct costs + 25% indirect costs), administrative frameworks, and governance structures strengthens proposals .
Marie Skłodowska-Curie fellowships emphasize researcher mobility, interdisciplinary training, and developing future talent .
Northern and certain Eastern European institutions currently have higher success rates (≈22% vs below 18% in Southern Europe) .
ERC gender data: male and female applicants have similar success rates, though male applicants apply more frequently .
Factor | Why It Matters |
---|---|
Excellence-first | Superior science and investigator record are non-negotiable. |
Strategic fit | Alignment with EU green, digital, and mission goals is essential. |
Consortium quality | Geographic, sectoral, and expertise balance enhances impact. |
Management capacity | Good PM builds confidence in successful delivery. |
Experience track record | Publications, previous funding, and citations build credibility. |
Mobility & careers | MSCA focuses on researcher development and interdisciplinary collaboration. |
Master criteria & avoid weaknesses: Make sure your proposal addresses common reviewer pitfalls—methodology, innovation, budget clarity.
Map to EU priorities: Explicitly connect your objectives to Horizon Europe’s strategic plan (2025–2027).
Build strong consortia early: Prioritize complementary expertise, geography, gender balance, and partner roles.
Show robust project management: Include a Work Package structure, governance plans, and clear communication strategies.
Leverage your track record: Highlight high-impact papers, leadership in projects, and previous awards.
Consider MSCA opportunities: Use them for mobility grants or integrating training into your project.
✅ In Summary
To maximize success with European Commission grants—especially ERC or Horizon Europe—focus relentlessly on scientific excellence, strategic EU alignment, consortium strength, and solid project planning. Combine these with a strong publication record and researcher development elements, and aim to close off any potential reviewer concerns.
General conditions
1. Admissibility Conditions, Proposal page limit and layout
Admissibility Conditions are described in Annex A and Annex E of the Horizon Europe Work Programme General Annexes.
Proposal page limits and layout are described in Part B of the Application Form available in the Submission System.
2. Eligible Countries
Eligible Countries are described in Annex B of the Work Programme General Annexes.
A number of non-EU/non-Associated Countries that are not automatically eligible for funding have made specific provisions for making funding available for their participants in Horizon Europe projects. See the information in the Horizon Europe Programme Guide.
3. Other Eligible Conditions
In recognition of the opening of the US National Institutes of Health’s programmes to European researchers, any legal entity established in the United States of America is eligible to receive Union funding.
If projects use satellite-based earth observation, positioning, navigation and/or related timing data and services, beneficiaries must make use of Copernicus and/or Galileo/EGNOS (other data and services may additionally be used).
The following exceptions apply: subject to restrictions for the protection of European communication networks.
Other Eligible Conditions are described in Annex B of the Work Programme General Annexes.
4. Financial and operational capacity and exclusion
Financial and operational capacity and exclusion are described in Annex C of the Work Programme General Annexes.
5a. Evaluation and award: Award criteria, scoring and thresholds
Evaluation and award: Award criteria, scoring and thresholds are described in Annex D of the Work Programme General Annexes.
5b. Evaluation and award: Submission and evaluation processes
The thresholds for each criterion will be 4 (Excellence), 4 (Impact) and 4 (Implementation). The cumulative threshold will be 12.
Evaluation and award: Submission and evaluation processes are described in Annex F of the Work Programme General Annexes and the Online Manual.
5c. Evaluation and award: Indicative timeline for evaluation and grant agreement
Evaluation and award: Indicative timeline for evaluation and grant agreement are described in Annex F of the Work Programme General Annexes.
6. Legal and financial set-up of the grants
Eligible costs will take the form of a lump sum as defined in the Decision of 7 July 2021 authorising the use of lump sum contributions under the Horizon Europe Programme – the Framework Programme for Research and Innovation (2021-2027) – and in actions under the Research and Training Programme of the European Atomic Energy Community (2021-2025) [[This decision is available on the Funding and Tenders Portal, in the reference documents section for Horizon Europe, under ‘Simplified costs decisions’ or through this link: https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/docs/2021-2027/horizon/guidance/ls-decision_he_en.pdf]].
Legal and financial set-up of the grants are described in Annex G of the Work Programme General Annexes.
Specific conditions
Specific conditions are described in the specific topic of the Work Programme.
Sponsor Institute/Organizations: European Commission
Sponsor Type: Corporate/Non-Profit
Address: Rue de la Loi 200, 1049 Brussels, Belgium
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Sep 16, 2025
$20,583,001
Affiliation: European Commission
Address: Rue de la Loi 200, 1049 Brussels, Belgium
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