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Notice of Special Interest (NOSI): Research on Addressing Violence to Improve Health Outcomes

National Institutes of Health

The purpose of this Notice is to highlight interest in addressing the role of violence in health outcomes and integrating violence-related screening and interventions into health care settings. This Notice is to encourage intervention research focused on addressing exposure to violence - including but not limited to child maltreatment, intimate partner violence/teen dating violence, elder mistreatment, peer violence/bullying, and community violence – to improve individual-level health processes and outcomes.

This Notice encourages novel intervention research aimed at developing, refining, adapting, and testing interventions focused on preventing violence or addressing acute and chronic effects of violence on physical and behavioral health. Interventions for the treatment and prevention of violence victimization and perpetration across different populations in settings where other health conditions are treated are encouraged. In addition, interventions that seek to translate basic behavioral and social science research findings into innovative treatment approaches are encouraged. Implementation research can elucidate effective strategies for moving evidence-based prevention and treatment approaches into practice. As such, effectiveness, implementation, and hybrid effectiveness-implementation designs are encouraged, as appropriate to the research questions proposed.

The targets for the intervention/s being developed and tested in response to this Notice should be based on research identifying a link between the health outcome and experiences of violence. Interventions may be delivered at the individual, dyadic, family, group, or organizational level, in-person, virtually, or via e-Health platforms, as appropriate. Interventions to screen for violence exposure, prevent violence, or treat symptoms associated with exposure to violence should occur in coordination with prevention or treatment for other physical or behavioral health conditions.

The primary outcomes should be the physical or behavioral health indicators relevant to the health care setting that have been linked to violence exposure. Outcomes may include clinical indicators or health-related measures assessed at the individual level or shifts in behavior or health indicators that are measured at an aggregate level (e.g., clinic, community, or population). It is expected that violence perpetration, exposure, and trauma symptomatology would be measured as appropriate to the intervention targets.

This notice applies to due dates on or after September 7, 2022 and subsequent receipt dates through October 5, 2025.

NOT-OD-22-167