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Notice of Special Interest (NOSI): Fundamental Mechanisms and Functions of Co-transmission in the Brain

National Institutes of Health

This Notice of Special Interest (NOSI) encourages basic neuroscience research in animals to investigate the fundamental mechanisms and functions of co-transmission (i.e., release of multiple neurotransmitters by one neuron) that support brain activity and behavior.

This NOSI encourages research studies in animals that systematically characterize forms of co-transmission, identify neurobiological and environmental factors influencing co-transmission, and examine the functional consequences of co-transmission within circuits supporting complex behaviors. The study of co-transmission will further our understanding of the heterogeneity of neuronal cell types, their neuromodulatory actions, and reveal novel mechanisms that could be leveraged to fine-tune neural circuits. Understanding how therapeutic candidates influence co-transmitter release may provide novel insight into their mechanisms of action, off-target effects, and lead to the development of new treatment targets.

Research supported by the Brain Research Through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies® ( BRAIN ) Initiative has developed comprehensive atlases of cell types in the mammalian brain. The BRAIN Initiative Cell Census Network ( BICCN ) has identified multiple classes of neurons that may be capable of co-transmission based on co-expression of genes encoding transporters and biosynthetic enzymes specific to certain neurotransmitters. Applicants may utilize reference maps and data generated from BICCN to propose studies investigating the functional consequences of co-transmission, prioritizing evolutionarily conserved cell types and circuits.

This NOSI supports both ex vivo molecular and cellular studies as well as in vivo examination of the effects of co-transmission. Applications proposing research on co-release (i.e., release of two or more neurotransmitters from the same vesicle pool) are also supported under this NOSI.

This Notice applies to due dates on or after February 5, 2024 and subsequent receipt dates through February 4, 2027.

NOT-MH-24-105

Specialties

Neurosciences

Others

Neurosurgery

Eligibility Requirements

All instructions in the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide and the notice of funding opportunity used for submission must be followed, with the following additions:

For funding consideration, applicants must include “NOT-MH-24-105” (without quotation marks) in the Agency Routing Identifier field (box 4B) of the SF424 R&R form. Applications without this information in box 4B will not be considered for this initiative.

Sponsor Details

Sponsor Institute/Organizations: National Institutes of Health

Sponsor Type:

Address: National Institutes of Health; 31 Center Drive; MSC 2220; Bethesda; MD 20892-2220; USA

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