This is a new challenge, which we announced in March 2025. It is open for Expressions of Interest, with the successful team(s) being awarded up to £20m ($25m) to tackle it. Submissions are due by 18 June 2025.
Cancer research continues to become more complex. Research questions increasingly require a wide range of expertise to address. Additionally, there is a growing volume and variety of data that spans scales from molecular data to epidemiological data. Furthermore, publications are increasing at an exponential rate making it more challenging to identify the most important new findings. However, recent advances in AI can help overcome these challenges. Large language models (LLMs) have been trained on vast quantities of text data, including scientific literature, and have shown high accuracy in answering scientific questions. Early work has begun to explore the use of LLMs to conduct scientific research.
This challenge aims to go beyond the ability of AI to extract information, make predictions, or conduct standard research tasks, making the leap to AI agents that can collaborate with humans to generate paradigm-shifting discoveries that advance cancer research. Agents are layers on top of LLMs that observe and collect information, provide input to the model, can conduct complex tasks, can have specific expertise, and can work together with other agents and humans.
This challenge seeks to transform cancer research by advancing AI-driven tools and methods. It will enable the integration of the rapidly growing volume of cancer data and knowledge into AI-generated hypotheses. By fostering human-AI collaboration, this challenge aims to tackle complex cancer research questions, with the potential to reshape our understanding of the disease and identify new therapies.
This challenge will require technological innovation to develop AI agents that can generate novel hypotheses that address important challenges in cancer research. The AI agents will also need to develop research plans to test these hypotheses that can be experimentally validated. Iterative cycles of experimental design and validation may be required. It is likely that multiple AI agents with different expertise and purposes will be required. It will also be important for there to be a human-in-the-loop to provide high level guidance and context that AI agents may lack.
The cancer research question that the AI agents are addressing should be complex and transdisciplinary and go beyond straightforward tasks and predictions. Of particular interest is cancer initiation and progression and the development of AI agents that can investigate the malignant conversion of precancerous lesions across tissues and identify novel therapeutics to prevent cancer initiation or progression in patients at risk.
This challenge will require close collaboration between AI researchers and cancer researchers and may also include machine learning specialists, data scientists, biologists, clinical researchers, and ethical advisors. Strategic academic-private partnerships are encouraged, with private partners contributing funds.
Sponsor Institute/Organizations: Cancer Grand Challenges
Sponsor Type: Corporate
Address: 2 Redman Place London, E20 1JQ
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Jun 18, 2025
Oct 23, 2025
$25,571,300
£20 million
Affiliation: Cancer Grand Challenges
Address: 2 Redman Place London, E20 1JQ
Website URL: https://www.cancergrandchallenges.org/ai-human-collaborations-in-cancer
Disclaimer:It is mandatory that all applicants carry workplace liability insurance, e.g., https://www.protrip-world-liability.com (Erasmus students use this package and typically costs around 5 € per month - please check) in addition to health insurance when you join any of the onsite Trialect partnered fellowships.